Maghazi

14th-century Illustrations

These images from a 14th-century manuscript of Rashid al-Din’s history, made in Iran. The first shows the Prophet Muhammad before the Battle of Badr.

The second image shows the Prophet Muhammad leading the Muslim forces against Banu Qaynuqa.

The final image shows the Prophet Muhammad receiving the submission of the banu Nadir, a Jewish tribe in Medina who sided with the Quraysh of Mecca. They were expelled from Medina.

A 9th-century Description

This passage describes one of the expeditions of the early community. It is not one of the main, well-known battles, which are described in great detail. It was written by Waqidi, a 9th-century Muslim historian.

Source, pp. 192-3.

A 9th-century Description

This passage describes one of the expeditions of the Prophet Muhammad. It was written by Waqidi, a 9th-century Muslim historian.

Source, pp. 197-8.